The effects of training and detraining after an 8 month resistance and stretching training program on forward head and protracted shoulder postures in adolescents: Randomised controlled study
PainSci summary of Ruivo 2015?This page is one of thousands in the PainScience.com bibliography. It is not a general article: it is focused on a single scientific paper, and it may provide only just enough context for the summary to make sense. Links to other papers and more general information are provided at the bottom of the page, as often as possible. ★★★☆☆?3-star ratings are for typical studies with no more (or less) than the usual common problems. Ratings are a highly subjective opinion, and subject to revision at any time. If you think this paper has been incorrectly rated, please let me know.
This experiment compared show small temporary improvements in the head-forward posture of a few dozen Portugese teens who went through a postural training program. They were back to their usual slouching selves several weeks later, but continued training might have made a more lasting difference (see Ylinen).
original abstract†Abstracts here may not perfectly match originals, for a variety of technical and practical reasons. Some abstacts are truncated for my purposes here, if they are particularly long-winded and unhelpful. I occasionally add clarifying notes. And I make some minor corrections.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 32-week resistance and stretching training program applied in Physical Education classes on forward head posture and protracted shoulder posture of Portuguese adolescents (15-17 years old). The detraining effects after a 16-week period were also measured.
METHODS: This prospective, randomized and controlled study was conducted in two secondary schools in Portugal. One hundred and thirty adolescents with forward head and protracted shoulder posture were randomly assigned to a control or experimental group. The sagittal head, cervical and shoulder angle were measured before and after a 32-week time intervention period. The control group (n = 46) did only the Physical Education classes whereas the exercise group (n = 42) received a posture corrective exercise programme in addition to Physical Education classes. A 16 week detraining period followed the 32-week.
RESULTS: Significant increase were observed in the cervical and shoulder angle in the experimental group following the 32 week-intervention period. After the 16-week detraining period no significant differences were observed in the three postural angles in the intervention group.
CONCLUSIONS: The exercise intervention was successful at decreasing forward head and protracted shoulder in adolescents. Detraining period was not sufficient to reduce the overall training effects. This study supports the postural training and rehabilitation performed during Physical Education classes, with the aim of preventing and managing upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain.
related content
- “Strength training and stretching versus stretching only in the treatment of patients with chronic neck pain: a randomized one-year follow-up study,” Arja Häkkinen, Hannu Kautiainen, Pekka Hannonen, and Jari Ylinen, Clinical Rehabilitation, 2008.
- “Dose-Response Relationship of Specific Training to Reduce Chronic Neck Pain and Disability,” R Nikander, E Mälkiä, J Parkkari, A Heinonen, H Starck, and J Ylinen, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2006.
- “Stretching exercises vs manual therapy in treatment of chronic neck pain: a randomized, controlled cross-over trial,” Jari Ylinen, Hannu Kautiainen, Kaija Wiren, and Arja Hakkinen, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2007.
- “Effect of neck exercises on cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial,” Jari Ylinen, Riku Nikander, Matti Nykänen, Hannu Kautiainen, and Arja Häkkinen, Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2010.
- “Active neck muscle training in the treatment of chronic neck pain in women: a randomized controlled trial,” Jari Ylinen, Esa-Pekka Takala, Matti Nykänen, Arja Häkkinen, Esko Mälkiä, Timo Pohjolainen, Sirkka-Liisa Karppi, Hannu Kautiainen, and Olavi Airaksinen, Journal of the American Medical Association, 2003.
- “Effects of neck muscle training in women with chronic neck pain: one-year follow-up study,” J J Ylinen, A H Häkkinen, E P Takala, M J Nykänen, H J Kautiainen, E A Mälkiä, T H Pohjolainen, S L Karppi, and O V Airaksinen, Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2006.
- “Neck muscle training in the treatment of chronic neck pain: a three-year follow-up study,” J Ylinen, A Häkkinen, M Nykänen, H Kautiainen, and E-P Takala, Europa Medicophysica, 2007.
- “Dose-Response Relationship of Specific Training to Reduce Chronic Neck Pain and Disability,” R Nikander, E Mälkiä, J Parkkari, A Heinonen, H Starck, and J Ylinen, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2006.
- “Effect of therapeutic exercise on pain and disability in the management of chronic nonspecific neck pain: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials,” Lucia Bertozzi, Ivan Gardenghi, Francesca Turoni, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, Francesco Capra, Andrew A Guccione, and Paolo Pillastrini, Physical Therapy, 2013.
- “Long-term effects of therapeutic exercise on nonspecific chronic neck pain: a literature review,” Chih-Hsiu Cheng, Hao-Tsung Su, Ling-Wei Yen, Wen-Yu Liu, and Hsin-Yi Kathy Cheng, J Phys Ther Sci, 2015.
- “Exercises for mechanical neck disorders,” Gross, Anita and Kay, Theresa M and Paquin, Jean-Philippe and Blanchette, Samuel and Lalonde, Patrick and Christie, Trevor and Dupont, Genevieve and Graham, Nadine and Burnie, Stephen J and Gelley, Geoff and Goldsmith, Charles H and Forget, Mario and Hoving, Jan L and Brønfort, Gert and Santaguida, Pasqualina L and {Cervical Overview Group}, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015.
One article on PainScience.com cites Ruivo 2015 as a source:
- PS Save Yourself from Neck Pain! — A complete guide to chronic neck pain and the disturbing sensation of a “crick”
This page is part of the PainScience BIBLIOGRAPHY, which contains plain language summaries of thousands of scientific papers & others sources. It’s like a highly specialized blog. A few highlights:
- A Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis of the power pose effect with informed and default priors: the case of felt power. Gronau 2017 Comprehensive Results in Social Psychology.
- The neck and headaches. Bogduk 2014 Neurol Clin.
- Agreement of self-reported items and clinically assessed nerve root involvement (or sciatica) in a primary care setting. Konstantinou 2012 Eur Spine J.
- Effect of NSAIDs on Recovery From Acute Skeletal Muscle Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Morelli 2017 Am J Sports Med.
- Association of Spinal Manipulative Therapy With Clinical Benefit and Harm for Acute Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Paige 2017 JAMA.